Lenders will usually look at your gross annual sales and revenues, credit score, checking account balances, profitability, and length of time you’ve been in business. For newbies in the business world, expect to be asked intensively about your business plans.

Your history with credit card services is a main factor for lenders. Credit information they usually look for are personal credit card debt, personal loans, liquid assets, real estate holdings, tax returns, and personal financial statements. Your personal spending habits will also be an issue, including how you use credit card services and instalment debt. If you have a good track record of all of these, then you won’t have any problems with getting you business loan approved. But what if you have bad credit history? What alternatives do you have?

The answer is getting a business cash advance in place of a small business loan.

A business cash advance is the alterative option for business owners who need emergency funding. It is ideal for business owners subscribed to credit card services and/or charge cards. Monthly payment this type of business loan is done through batched credit card sales.

Approval for this type of small business loan takes a shorter amount of time and bad credit scores won’t be too much of an issue. The processing time for cash advance application is from 24 tp72 hours only. Some cash advance lenders can lend as much as $2500 to $300,000, depending on their evaluation.

Cash advance as a small business loan is very likely to get approved as long as you pass the basic requirements for the advance. First, you’re business should have been operational for at least a year. Your company should also at least have profits of $4000 in credit card processes per month.

The difference between a business cash advance and the usual small business loan are:

(1) A business cash advance does not require a detailed financial statement. Conventional business loans require 2-3 years worth of financial statements.

(2) Audited tax returns are not required for cash advances. Business loans from banks do.

(3) You only need to provide a guarantee against fraud or intervention.

(4) Application fees are not always required for this alternative business loan.

(5)No need for high credit scores. You only need to be subscribed to credit card services.

(6) Your collateral does not have to be all of your business assets.

(7) You can opt for a flexible monthly payment.

Cash advance as a business loan allows you to do almost anything for your business. You can pay taxes or debts, buy supplies, pay your employees, make repairs or remodelling, inventory, make new marketing and promotion materials, and expand your business establishment.

The idea behind cash advance repayment is not like the payment process for a small business loan. Repayment is made by automatically debiting an agreed percentage of your credit card sales every time you batch. There are no fixed payment schedules. You will only be able to pay when you’re customers pay.

Cash advance as a small business loan is very ideal for restaurant owners, retailers, medical clinics, and other new industries. Staying afloat for small business is harder, especially with the recession, and a cash advance is a quick solution for those emergency financial situations. After all, maintaining continuous cash flow for young establishments is difficult. With cash advance as an alternative business loan, you can get cash sooner and pay your loan easier.

Every business loan is a risk for both the lender and the borrower. A promising business gives you the best chances of having your business loan request granted. Lenders will usually look at your gross annual sales and revenues, credit score, checking account balances, profitability, and length of time you’ve been in business. For newbies in the business world, expect to be asked intensively about your business plans. Your history with credit card services is a main factor for lenders. Credit information they usually look for are personal credit card debt, personal loans, liquid assets, real estate holdings, tax returns, and personal financial statements. Your personal spending habits will also be an issue, including how you use credit card services and instalment debt. If you have a good track record of all of these, then you won’t have any problems with getting you business loan approved. But what if you have bad credit history? What alternatives do you have? The answer is getting a business cash advance in place of a small business loan. A business cash advance is the alterative option for business owners who need emergency funding. It is ideal for business owners subscribed to credit card services and/or charge cards. Monthly payment this type of business loan is done through batched credit card sales. Approval for this type of small business loan takes a shorter amount of time and bad credit scores won’t be too much of an issue. The processing time for cash advance application is from 24 tp72 hours only. Some cash advance lenders can lend as much as $2500 to $300,000, depending on their evaluation. Cash advance as a small business loan is very likely to get approved as long as you pass the basic requirements for the advance. First, you’re business should have been operational for at least a year. Your company should also at least have profits of $4000 in credit card processes per month. The difference between a business cash advance and the usual small business loan are: (1) A business cash advance does not require a detailed financial statement. Conventional business loans require 2-3 years worth of financial statements. (2) Audited tax returns are not required for cash advances. Business loans from banks do. (3) You only need to provide a guarantee against fraud or intervention. (4) Application fees are not always required for this alternative business loan. (5)No need for high credit scores. You only need to be subscribed to credit card services. (6) Your collateral does not have to be all of your business assets. (7) You can opt for a flexible monthly payment. Cash advance as a business loan allows you to do almost anything for your business. You can pay taxes or debts, buy supplies, pay your employees, make repairs or remodelling, inventory, make new marketing and promotion materials, and expand your business establishment. The idea behind cash advance repayment is not like the payment process for a small business loan. Repayment is made by automatically debiting an agreed percentage of your credit card sales every time you batch. There are no fixed payment schedules. You will only be able to pay when you’re customers pay. Cash advance as a small business loan is very ideal for restaurant owners, retailers, medical clinics, and other new industries. Staying afloat for small business is harder, especially with the recession, and a cash advance is a quick solution for those emergency financial situations. After all, maintaining continuous cash flow for young establishments is difficult. With cash advance as an alternative business loan, you can get cash sooner and pay your loan easier.

You can generally categorize banks into: 1) 10% that are actually making small business loans now and are serious about doing so, 2) 70% who will talk to you directly and indicate they are not making small business loans at this time because of the economy, and 3) 20% that slap you on the back, invite you in, and readily take your application. It is the latter group that gives us the most heartburn. It is not unusual after the initial review of your application papers for a bank represented to signal you have a good chance. Overjoyed, you begin to make plans, including executing contracts and receiving quotes for inventory, raw materials, or merchandise. Two months later, after the fourth loan committee review, you get a call that they have decided not to make the loan. The reason has little if anything to do with credit. It is typically something that was never been mentioned before and after reflection, it seems like an excuse not to make the loan in the first place.

Loan brokers such as myself are victims of the same misleading behavior. I cannot tell you how many banks have looked me in the eye and said: “Sure, we are making lots of loans. For unsecured loans of $75,000 to $150,000, we just need a credit score above 680, in business for over a year and a half, and decent financials. Real estate security is not required. We would love to entertain your applications.” Right.

What they really do is pour over the applications and pick 1 out of 100 that has the following fantasy credentials: a platinum credit score that Bill Gates would be proud of and which could support a small country, gushing positive cash flow, little competition, executed contracts stacked high on your desk, then a booming market niche. In other words, someone who doesn’t need the loan in the first place. You know the old adage: banks only give money to people who don’t need it.

It is simply psychology 101. Banks are filled up with loan officers and they have to show they are busy. If their boss walks into their office and sees nothing on their desk, they might be laid off. They have to show they are busy earning their salaries, which means receiving applications and going through the review process. It’s gotten so bad that the other day we had a client whose grandfather helped found the bank, whose father was best friends with the president, and who had received two successful loans before. Even he was turned down. Nor do they tell you the large SBA commercial loan department job layoffs of employees throughout the nation.

To prevent being too caught in this trap, look your banker in the eye and ask these questions:

1) “Tell me honestly. I don’t want to waste your time or mine. I know the credit crunch is quite depressing and there is really no secondary market. Are you actually entertaining small business loans at this time or should I wait.”

2) “How many small business loans have you personally made in the last 30 days?”

3) “What are the loan terms of the last three loans you made, including interest rate and monthly payments, for the amount of loan I am seeking?”

4) “How long will it take before I get a definitive answer?”

5) “Can you briefly describe to me the process I have to go through to get the final approval? Will you be the one making the final decision? What other people superior to you or committees will make that decision?”

But do not despair. There actually are real live prime lenders out there making small business loans. They just need to know where to look. In the next article I will discuss if such loans are available to startups.

For the Support  of Small Business in Georgia

Content.

In the conditions of deep economic crisis and  during the period of extreme restriction in requisite  resources for economic investments of tendency of selecting priority in investing activities enquire upmost importance. According to these circumstances, small and average businesses must be admired in such system of priorities. It follows not only from conjectural, political  or ideological  purposefulness, but also from objective activities of social-economic conditions; Simultaneously it is also connected to the position perspectives of this field to solve vital questions of the country. (creating concrete atmosphere, increasing employment level and efficiency, treating and spreading technical decisions etc)  however, it is baseless to speak that small and average businesses in our country have any kids of advantages in distribution of investing resources, ` moreover, it often moves to the second place.

Financing has always been the urgent problem of small and overage businesses.  According to the social research of small industrial management, half of respondents had to use  their own savings in organizing these enterprises. Only more than a quarter managed to receive credits, but less than 20% – to attract depositors’ sources.

The  employers admit that, the first and main problem is finances and buildings and then follows cooperation with local authorities. However, investment always remains as the main problem in the activities of a particular firm.

Pressent Day Situation of a Small Business.

In western countries outnumbered commercial banks, insurance companies, branch funds, regional commercial departments of tuition structures stimulating small business, regional guarantees, outnumbered charitable funds and associations, actively support  them.

Due to not existed similar institutions, the development of small and average businesses is prevented. So it is quite natural, that development of small industrial net is still unable to form the commodity market. Nowadays supporting industrial activity has  no main basis in small and overage businesses. The situation of providing these enterprises  with material, energetic and financial resources has recently   been deteriorated; according to results of selective researches in 2000-2005, in order study small industrial business activities in industry, building and retail trade showed  that  nearly 40% from small industries have their raw and building material supplies reduced. The existing level of orders and resource  maintenance was estimated as “..below average”; however unlike large industries, homogeneous tendency  of economical situation in small and average businesses is distincted, e.g. during 200-2005, the amount  of employees and usage level of industrial capacity maintained sufficiently stable in small industries.

Although capital investments of small industries include sufficiently large amount  of  money (11% of investment realized at the expense of financial resources in Georgian economy. The small enterprise activity of industry in the field of investment is still exceptionally low.

Inquiries showed that among active reasons  about  restriction of investing activities, about 60% of  respondents  consider high level of taxation, 30% – high rate of inflation, above 30% general economic and political instability.

The leaders of small industries, critically characterize competitiveness of their products over 50 % of leaders  consider   it as “average” towards the internal market.

Leaders of examined small industries consider lack of their own resources. (75% from inquired people), high payment rate (over 60%), unaccepted conditions of investing and accounting as a main resistance for their  innovational activities.

Financing Sources of a Small Business.

Analysis of financing sources for small and overage business  shows that the most available for their activities are inner developing sources which are used by over 3/4 of industry, while only one from four, manages to abtain any kind of means from external sources. Enquiries show that their own small business incomes take first place among financing sources. It’s  proved by every two participants from three ones. On the second place are the founders of average business with their own sources;  (21,7%). And private credit takes the third place, used by 17,9% of these industries. Other sources are used by 10-15% of small businesses. Simultaneously over 20% of enquired leaders consider that their enterprises have no any developing chances. More complete idea about the nature of investing in small and average business field is given by the results; Researches on tendencies of small business investments. According to this data, leaders are those industries which direct their investments towards the equipment and transportation (57,5%); and the enterprises which use investments to fill their sources of circulation. take the second place (44,3%). A lot of enterprises use their sufficient sources in repairing building and commercials (38%). Over 20% of small enterprises spend their sources on their staff training.

Comparison of data according to the groups of small industries prove all the following differences connected   with specificity of a business field. e.g. small industries of trade fill their  sources of circulation, frequently (76%), but they stay backward in investment of human capital – only 8% of them provide staff training, whilst corresponding average index for all enterprises is 20,8%.

One of the main problems in small business development is their slight investment in the process of crediting due to existing high risks in this field. It  is caused by following factors: usually, small industries have no ability to represent absolute  guarantee independently over their responsibilities and there’s no complete system of guarantees and insurance of their investing activities.

Usually, personnel of small and average  businesses have no sufficient knowledge in economy, which is the main cause of those incomplete projects which are introduced by them. As for consulting service of business management and preparation of investing projects, as a rule it is excessively expensive for enterprises of small and average businesses.

The results show that in the process of providing crediting resources, leaders of small and average enterprises experience not only general inflexibility of crediting, but also discriminative policy of banks towards small and average businesses.

The main difficulty in the process of receiving credits is price restriction (very high percentage was mentioned by 47,6% of leaders of small enterprises); It is followed by the range of nonprice restriction – unpractical mortgage and  guarantees (21,9%), innaccessibility of investing credits (10,5%), restriction of crediting terms (14,3%) and subjective evaluation of discriminative conditions. Besides, the role of organizing factors is not sufficient.

The interests of commercial banks are not directed towards crediting of small enterprises due to their non-existing complete technologies of investment; Besides it claims to discuss numerous investing projects, though working procedures are highly  significant. Banks don’t take risks, due to their negative experience in disappearing of credited firms, no returned credits and hidden mortgages, including small and average businesses as well. Hence, due to controlling and providing insurance, they choose organizations having accounts in a particular creditor bank.

Banks avoid crediting of newly founded firms and insist on collateral security guaranteeing  a small enterprise. The level of percentage implies the level of risk that is significantly high for every small industry. Standard validities of given credits include  3-6 months period.

Thus, Georgian banks. like in western countries must inevitably develop assisted financial services for small and average businesses. First of all, it includes detailed treatment and examination of any kind of projects independently from credited funds and improvement for abilities of banks in estimation of loans. The same time, they must rely more on the knowledge of potential resources for enterprises and markets than in the amount of funds and guarantees.

Who Helps and How to Developa Small Susiness.

Noticeably developing non-governmental specific structures formed for supporting small and average industries are also of great importance. The first similar structure was founded in 1992. It was an agency, supporting small and average businesses. Its purpose is to increase industrial activity among the population with the  help of consulting, informational and expert services provided not only for small and average industries but for pioneer implcyers as well. It includes issues on economic, financial and taxation policy; recommendations about keeping a ledger; support for composing constituent documents; registration of enterprises and allowance of their activities; elaboration of a firm mode, teaching business; (hobbits based on special programmers, worked out  of the agency together with foreign experts). for  the successful development of their own activihes; (business planning; marketing; commercials; industrial experience etc); informational support for the operations of external trade. customs issues and other normative juridical problems. Agency constantly tries to expand its  own activities. It mainly includes issues on the support  of activity of small and average business industries. Special investing department is created in the structure of agency for this purpose, which is directed towards the preparation, training and conducting of recommendations for composing  business plans, investing projection and financial management; working and conducting of examination for investing projects; researches of their financing sources. The given department is an official agent of the federal fund for supporting small industries, that is directed to the selection of industrial projects for providing credits.

In the beginning, the functions of agency were distinctly oriented on the demands of developing small and average businesses in Tbilisi region, but now it has begun to play the role of informal-methodical – coordinative organizational structure throughout the country.

Realization of this role is significantly depended on the formation of corresponding regional agencies and their active participation in the country. Above mentioned activity of  the agency must necessarily be established by state departments.  Namely, it is advisable for the government to elaborate a special document about “regional agencies for supporting small industries”. In this document, it is necessary to be mentioned the labor financing scheme of the regional agencies’ net at the expense of assignation from the state budget. Formation of regional agencies supporting small and average businesses   is decisive to serve physical and juridical persons in creating small and average enterprises and to provide their effectiveness. Such schedule of services is defined by developing quality of agencies which may include practically all types of support for small and overage businesses including informational services,  legal advice and participation in investments. As a rule, the purpose of agencies is not receiving profits and that is why their quite high level of services  compared with ones of other organizations are relatively cheap, but in some cases it is  absolutely free of charge; if agencies function into contact with the government and authority organizations of all level. and are based on the assistance of these organizations.

Herewith, the first task is that the agency of small and overage business supporting, leads the work to form united  informational net of regional agencies, that will take active part in the field of modern informational technologies, highly quailfield organizations. It is a significant stage of business, for united as well as regional agencies. Practice showed that, distinct division is the most essential task for separate regional agencies and affective organizational development of their net. It implies the gradual development according to the accumulation  of organizational experience,  stabilization of financial situation and  equipment with modern organizational-technical means and so forth. At the some time, determined service must be formed gradually and  successively, not only in accordance with the principle of senseless expansion of above men toned factors, but also selecting  the variants which are the most profitable and essential for the agencies in this or that concrete region. It must be said that estimation of perspectives in small and average business support activities is connected with the fact, that its significance is constantly outlined by the central government of the country as well as regional authorities. Of course, it clearly gives the chance to make optimistic prognosis. Unfortunately, in reality, the existed mechanism to support small and average businesses can’t still put into practice not only present-day objective demands, moreover the tasks which are not only possible to be solved but should be , for the development of its investing activities.

Wat is the Programme of Small and Average Business Investment Support?

As it is know, programme realization of investment support in small  and average businesses, may have double substantiation. The first assistance of a small  enterprise development, represents the effective way of solving social and foremost, employment  problems. Thus, conception of social direction for financial support in small and average business fields, follows that, grant realization of socially useful functions in a small business, must be fulfilled by state and society. The second-progress of small and average businesses are significant factor from the standpoint of effective use of people’s economic resources. Due to such approach , from the position of market   economy, defined means for small and average businesses must be considered as profitable investments.

Nowadays, systematical crisis is proceeded in our country. Factual unemployment problem instead of falling is rising steadily and it requires of taking vast  and active measures for small and average business  development. Simultaneously, tensity of central and local budgets  and lack of foreign investments do not give chance to form such material-financial basis, that includes all the above mentioned factors.

It’s clear that the way out of exiting situation can be found in the treatments of conception, such is investing support (and realization)  of small and overage businesses, when all the possible funds used with this purpose will  be spent on forming organizations and such financial machinery, that has high level guaranteeing aptitude for the feedback of invested resources. For the realization  of this conception, several main directions can be singled out, for the fulfilment of investing activity in small and average businesses.

1. Scientific-analytical and informative provision development of investment support mechanism  in small and average business fields.   Here, main goal is to study priority system of financing  for small enterprises, according to essential directions of development  and substantiation of their realization activities with the purpose of reflecting aims at each level. (central, regional as well as small and average enterprises). Strategic research organization and financing, forming development conceptions and treatment of inter-active mechanism for investing support system in small and average businesses. In addition to the point above, the following must be taken into account.

The first and foremost, the mechanism for investment support in small and average businesses must be based on state structural and industrial policy, financing of private investments or definition of essential directions for stimulation, in the section of divisions,  subdivisions and enterprises – definition of so called dot priorities.

Second – towards the formation of mentioned mechanisms, maintenance of scientifically proved approach is accessible as far  as it reflects the real peculiarities of economic development and  investing processes in this or that region.

Third – Improvement of scientific -methodic and informative supply for investment activities, mostly in small and average businesses is simultaneously connected with the existence of investing projects of small enterprises in order to restrict existing risks. The most is financial, technological and marketing accompaniment, i.e. financial analysis, technical examination, and marketing research of investing projects of enterprises in small and average businesses.

2. Reinforcement of objective direction and transfer the obstacle centre of topping-up process of investment activities in small and average enterprises at regional level. It must be taken into consideration that, formation of regional politics of investment support of these enterprises, in accordance with this qualitative index of region economy, that creates the peculiarities for small and average business development and support. Simultaneously, the development level of industrial production, resourceful base, consumers market provision, regional problems of population employment and social  defence must be taken into account. Only complex  consideration of all these factors, gives chance to study those activities that provide attraction of owners of industries for people’s demands in the most suitable fields and stimulation of economic development, first of all at the expense of local possibilities.

Nonexistence of financing, due to the deficit of state and local budgets, is one of the main reasons, that  represents the obstacle for the outcome of central and regional programmers in supporting small industries. In such cases, it is advisable, not only subsidization of industries, but also the assistance for the development of infrastructure in small and average enterprises. (marketing as well as industrial). It must also be admitted, that the state should do its bit to establish special regional banks, innovational funds, informational analitic centers and such organizational-regional structures that serve small and average businesses and keep their interests by means of preferential duties privileged regime of transferring buildings to the possession, licensing, etc.

3. Development  of perspective forms of small and average business support and financing. In this field, for reinforcement of purposeful direction of investing process and raising its effectiveness, local administrations should orientate on the creation of main tendencies of progressive investment infrastructure for small and average businesses. Great attention should be paid to the following factors:

Grade 1. Development of crediting system for the purpose of increasing the number of financial support receivers and simplify the way of giving commercial credits to small industries, implies the expansion of financial institutes net, that realize small and average business crediting with preferential conditions. It includes: lowering interest, extension of crediting term, reduction of demands at the expanse of guarantee and free consultations.

Grade 2. Development of guarantee mechanisms of investing credits, given to small and average business industries must include given state guarantees  to commercial banks, which took part in financing these enterprises. Compensation of  some parts of interests rate. at the expense of commercial credits of banks, could be considered as the significant tendency of using guarantee reserves,  especially at the initial stage of project realization, when returning of funds is still delayed in small and overage business field, for the support of investing business activity.

Grade 3. Financial crediting mechanism of small and average business support, implies the assistance of development, including cooperation of small enterprises and establishment of new mutual – crediting forms of societies in crediting field.

Grade 4. Leasing  development, as the most perspective form, is inevitable process as the most perspective form for small enterprise investors. In industrial countries, leasing includes 25-30% of direct investments annually, but in our country it is not still well expanded. for moving complicacy centre of financial operations from circulation field into real sector of economy in leasing development, it is essential that the participation of reliable commercial banks and insurance companies to be actively stimulated.

Grade 5. Establishment of industrial and technological service  system  in small and average businesses, implies the consideration of this fact that, nowadays, actual reserve of  forming  some element of infrastructure of small businesses, can be usage of industrial capacities and properties of poor  industries, after their liquidation, reorganization and changing profile. (namely, it is possible to locate supporting units of small groups of ownership and enterprises on their base). Distinct experience of realization of such approaches is already existed in a number of regions from the standpoint of industrial-technologic support of industries.

Grade 6. The problem of developing modern tendencies in small overage and large business cooperations has already been matured, e.g. franchise development of small industries in Russia will help to solve many essential economic  and social problems. Here, first and foremost is meant the creation of new working places and broad involvement into business of all these people, who can’t manage it independently, without any support and getting suitable knowledge. In modern conditions, a range of obstacles arised against the franchise development in  Russia: non-existence of special normative-legitimate base and suitable informational insurance, owners insufficient knowledge of running business  by means of peculiarities of such skills and possibilities; nonexistence of sufficient consultative structures; and common financial-crediting problems.

In the development of modern tendencies of cooperation in large and average businesses, financial-industrial groups play a drastic role. According to the practice of development countries, such groups grow the stability of economy and give chance  to solve investing problems. It’s especially important  for the regions, where there are outnumbered branches and subbranches with high investment capacity. Such as: (fuel-energetic complex, wine-making, mineral waters, etc) and conversional enterprises. Financial-industrial groups can become the significant means of realization of state selective structural politics, as with the help of these large integrated structures, it  is easy to carry out rational manoeuvverability in industrial sector; among them, definition and support of prioritative  fields and enterprises.

Grade 7. It’s necessary to put ventural financing schemes into motion and develop investment insurance system in small and average business fields. During realization of the above mentioned schemes,  effectiveness of scientific-research and experimental-constructive works are significantly increased in small enterprises. Innovational campaigns of a small business, in most of the countries function by direct backing of the state, that really estimates their great national-economic importance and due to this is ready to assign corresponding  financial expenses. Innovational small enterprises, technological development funds, incubator of technologies etc. nowadays, in Georgia,  experiments of a range of ventural financing programmes realization, in small and overage business fields take place from foreign financial institutes. These are: European World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank, Development Credit Bank and so on. In the realization of ventural financing of small business, their experience can be acceptable for Georgian banks and financial institutes. In a country market, the most vital subject is insurance problems. In western countries, the insurance is considered as unavoidable mechanism of risk redistribution. Its increased level in small and average industries, causes a number of difficulties in the working process of insurance companies: herewith, simultaneously insurance and reinsurance, also guarantee systems of credit returning can be created. Perhaps, it is necessary, these systems to be supported distinctly by central and regional organs. (e.g. for specialized risk insurance companies, checking privileges or compensation of their loss). In perspective, Georgian financing crediting system must be filled with specialized net of risk insurance, connected with investment credit issue.

4. Establishment of united investment infrastructure in small  and average businesses. Specialization of financing-crediting system in small and overage businesses can be carried out in two ways: a) Investment. In the way of forming financial organizations, specialized at the expense of investing operations: 6) In the way of orienting, just connected with small business operations. Different combinations of the above mentioned directions of specialization for financing-crediting organizations in small and average  business fields, are also possible. But in any case, these organizations   must be given distinct privileges by  federal and regional organs. Unfortunately, for fear of next “financing pyramids”, at present, population don’t have  eny confidence in establishing these specialized investment banks and sharing investment funds, that assemble the private investors’ funds and after, these are put in small enterprises as well as in small and average infrastructural units as the investment portfolio. Thus, at initial stage ideological training for the sharers of small business and population is necessary. It’s not less important that such specialized investment organizations, for the  purpose of guarantee and getting confidence must be created on the initiative of these state, social and commercial organizations, which are highly qualified in successful running of small business industry field and have authority over this field.

5. The role of small and overage business support agencies in the development of crediting and investment mechanism of this field. In  the regions,  these agencies characterized by a range of peculiarities due to their status, that creates quite profitable atmosphere for them, during the corresponding service. First regional agencies are fully specialized in their field. With  the difference from many other organizations, for which small and average business support is either temporary or accompanying with essential business. These agencies can use their priorities for getting experience and advices, attracting highly trained  specialists, having permanent relationship with  administrative organs and  so  forth. That is why, the service of regional agencies is famous for its quality. Their consultations and other forms of small and average business support are high trained in all, and recommendations – useful and practically acceptable. Second, such agencies have right to use all the various forms and methods of small and average business support, that on its side securing the complexity of their service. Third, from the very beginning regional agencies are involved in federal, regional and local systems of small and average business support; That is very important for the successful realization of their registration, investment and other functions. Fourth, regional agencies take objective part in the whole net of intercommunicated and inter useful organizations, that is practically expanded all over Russia.

In the case of successful development of regional agencies’ net, this advantage can be essential for small and average business support, due to their specialization and professionalism,  treatment of regional politics, development of proper federal and regional programmers and also because of having participation ability in creating similar regional bases.

To maintain the special status and role of their organizations, the staff of regional agencies must take into consideration  well, a main point of the politics of small financial industries  support, that must be realized on different levels of state government, clearly elucidate all the varieties of useful forms, methods and institutes, necessary for the development of this politics; They must easily manage to orientate on the proper segments of investment-financing,  momentary-crediting and stock markets.In the formation and  realization of regional politics of small and average business subjects, the first condition for successful  participation of regional  politics is to know as much as possible about real financial demands of concrete enterprises. But the problem is not only in the manifestation of the demands of additional finances, but also in structural-problematical analysis of the  above mentioned and also in the manifestation of these small enterprises,  that require financial support most of all; afterwards, selecting the most long-range enterprises from the standpoint of future profitability.  (after getting financial support).

The role of regional agencies in deciding these  problems will be shown in working out unavoidable systematic-analytical instruments, in leading proper date basis, creating informational guide and findings fulfilled by general as well as individual orders on the basis of their own estimation. Above mentioned  orders can be as   from enterprises themselves, as from authority and government organs and financial-crediting organizations.

Other direction of activity of the above mentioned  agencies, according to the regional politics context of financial support of small industry, must be the research of possible sources of free funds in the region and in solving financial problems of small and average business or working out principal schemes of their usage in investments.

Evaluation of regional politics structure for financial support of small industry. without the arrangement of systematic monitoring of this sphere, its constructive and in-time correction is impossible.

During the time of special and regular researches of industries, regional agencies can evaluate  programmer realization results in small and average businesses – (for different level budgets and enterprises, which require assistance) in the concrete regions. Also, practical results of giving credits and establishment of regional taxation privileges for small industries.

Thus, regional agencies can take part in the realization and formation of regional politics of financial support in small enterprises and play a mediator role and such a performer, who has to carry out a range of  the functions, which were not paid any proper attention by any kind of elements of regional  infrastructure in small and average businesses. With the help of all these, they would like to assist the growth of investment activity of this field.

The Funkcions of Regional Agencies in the Development of Small and Average Businesses.

Functions of above mentioned agencies, for small and average business support, enquire essential  analysis  in line with the development of progressive investment forms; and in the realization part of prioritative tendencies  of its state support.

1. The role of regional agencies in the development of leasing and franchise. In the development of these progressive forms of small and average business investment, participation forms of agencies can be absolutely different. There are united activities together with the organs of federal level, for getting normative acts and working out methodical  materials; forming statements about taxation privileges, establishment of specialized data banks etc; Parallel  activities at regional level, that supplement central authority actions (e.g. initiative of sentence study about getting privileges for local tax payment , also, independent steps for the development of leasing and franchising.

Such steps represent the following: a) making contact to these firms in Georgia, which are potential organizations of leasing and franchise, working out typical documents jointly (contracts, methodic, checking procedures etc). b) organization of juridical, consulting and informational assistance. (Search and selection of partners, consultations, assistance in teaching and control, etc). c) organization of international cooperation (leaseholders and  franchisers ‘ search in Russia and abroad, assistance in market research, selection of potential clients, adaptation of foreign system of leasing and franchise to Russian conditions, assistance in arranging these technical questions, which include partners separation a long way off, corresponding..service..etc).
d) Organization of leasing and franchise propaganda. (Conferences, Seminars, Symposiums, Coarses, Press and Televise etc.)  Participation in establishment of their supporting centers and also in the development of leasing and franchise association in regional departments. e) Participation in establishing those specialized mediatory  firms, which duty includes: selecting of partners, working of different tasks of leasing and franchise assistance and development on the commercial basis; f) organizational   assistance for the participants  of leasing and franchise system by transmitting buildings and constructions with preferential conditions.

2. The role of small and average business support agencies in the development of industry in innovative field. These agencies can play an important role in getting contact among innovative firms and their providing with necessary  information; They can render assistance to such industries, expressed by investment support. from the side of agencies, main directions of small industries support in innovative sphere are the following: information base development in innovative small enterprises, assistance to establish such data base, were advices about the publication are given in the proper scientific fields; notifications about introduction of distinct types of techniques, about perspective development of scientific-technical approaches. b) rendering assistance of preparing investment projects, in estimation of perspectives of offered scientific-technical projects, in creation and introduction of new techniques and risk determination connected to above mentioned factors. c) in assistance of providing small innovative enterprises  with industrial buildings and equipment and for scientific-research realized by them. d) ensuring of small innovative enterprises with consulting and teaching services and keeping intellectual questions: e) assistance in finding partners and making contact with those enterprises, which work in a joining fields.

The  law on   “supporting the development of small enterprises”   adopted on  23  Jule   1999   is  considered to be the next step toward supporting  the  development  of country’s small and medium enterprises. The law helped to create “the center for supporting and developing small business”. The year 2002 was very important for providing Georgia’s business enviornment with legislative basis and adopting new normative acts.Much attention is presently given to the changes in the law on supporting small and medium enterprises.The law defines the status of small and medium enterprises according to workers’ requirement and annual turnover of their funds. In the same year small and medium business support program 2002-2004 was finished and adopted on president’s descreet.From then on the law has been improving,but the desirable result hasn’t been achieved yet.It is noteworthy that in 1991 there were 600 small enterprises registered .In 1994 their number increased to 12000,in 1995 to 17000 and in 2000 it increased by 20%, in the year 2006 the total number of small and medium enterprises amounted to 22000,thought 28% of the enterprises are inactive.[

In Georgia, mastering new skills for industrial development  in small and average business fields, gives chance to make conclusion that, this field of economy gives vast possibilities for effective investment and its future progress. But it is essential to reveal and put into practice energetically, the most  effective ways of using these possibilities. In connection with this , it must be said, that state policy must be more flexible in the tasks of forming own financial sources of investment, which are the most important at present, for the small enterprises. These industries must be given free rein, while establishing amortization norms, which defines the structure of internal financial  sources of investment (in the job of using internal sources of investments, except the state legislative  support, the effective consultative assistance of small business support organs is also unavoidable). Active  state support is very important for the attraction of external financial sources of investment by small and average business enterprises. Small business characteristics, such as flexibility and mobility, implies that small industries must have ability to increase their financial resources  fast, in any proper time. Its realization is only possible at the expense of borrowed funds. On its side, it includes organizational state assistance in getting funds, guaranteeing commercial funds given to small industries and accomplishing other supporting activities . It is natural that, the progression of this support must be accompanying process of state control reinforcement from the view point of using investment sources and overall development of small and average businesses.

Thuse, the analysis of current social- economic  conditions in Georgia and valuable experience gained from foreign countries show that during transitional period small and medium business must play on important role in forming national economy.

   Small business representis one of the main structures of business, that must establish market economy provide the creation of private business as well as new social class- small and medium business managers and help to overcome the crisis in economy.Small and medium business proved its viability. Their exsistence encourages the mobilization of labour and material resourses creation of jobs,quickly reacts on investments and meets market needs and takes part in state and local budget fulfillment process.

   We must hope that if we use the experience gained from foreign enterprises,we will be able to support small business. From this point of view the structure “Business incubations” is the most effective. Business incubations hasten the development of small business and reduce fail in business by 22%. This question deserved our particular attention because the conditions of small and medium business in Georgia are unfavorable. We approve the creation of business incubations for supporting the small enterprises that have been chosen for some reasons, and their support is exercised by providing them with machinery, services, consultanting and

education.They act to establish contacts between other sectors of economy,grow innovative  activities of business that makes diversification of economy possible and on top of all encourages the growth of small and medium business and their viability.

   Business incubations are flexible structures and merge with infrastructural complexes of region very well. The analysis of functioning business incubations based on world experience and especially of those,like Georgia  enables us to prevent negative consequences and over come current difficulties. Business incbations proved to be fruitful in Post Soviet area. In Russia,Azerbaijan,kazakhistan and Lithuania,but from this point of view Georgia has significanthy dropped behind. We have to do our best to introduce this progressive infrastructural elements in our economy.

Our recomrndations:

   Based on these recommendations we set the goals and main directions of small and medium business development in the following way:

1.    To create a stable enviornment for business with the help of business incubations.

2.    To create  new highly  paid jobs in small and medium business.

3.    To introduce specialized multilateral business incubations.

4.    To provide small and medium business with informational,consulting and financial – credit means.

5.    To Supporing the increase of  independent traders’ number in small and medium business.

6.    To meet the consumers’ needs immediately.

7.    Formation of the enterpreuners’ class that should become the stable guarantee for economic security and overcoming poverty.

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Entrepreneurship: Starting and Operating a Small Business

Fortunately, there is no reason for despair if you belong to this group of people. There are now available alternatives for getting a small business loan, regardless of your bad credit. It is important, however, that you understand your circumstances before jumping into these alternative means for a business loan.

You can opt for an unsecured personal loan in such cases. But before you do, consider these factors first. One, how much do you need as a business loan? Factor in the numbers and come to a close estimate of how much you really need. Two, how much can pay each month. You have to note that personal business loans often have higher interest rates per month and if you’re not careful, you might become more in debt than you actually were, before the business loan. And three, will you be making minimum payments? Avoid making minimum payments because it actually costs more in the long run.

A business cash advance is also one way of securing the money you need. A small business loan through cash advance is  relatively an easy process to go through as compared to borrowing money from a bank. Most small business, even if they do have good credit, have often little asset and property. This is what makes business cash advances a good alternative for small entrepreneurs in need of immediate money. The only important thing your business should have is access to credit card services (i.e. you accept credit cards for transactions). You just need to have your business’ credit scores established. The best way to do this is to separate your personal credit from your business credit. It is recommended that you control most, if not all, of your business credit needs from only one of two credit card service providers so you have better chances at getting approved quickly. Lastly, your business will need to have gained $2,500 to $4,000 as minimum credit card sales per month.

Most cash advance providers base the amount of business loans by average monthly credit card sales, and of course, your actual need for capital. A business cash advance as a business loan is recommendable because the processing time for approval of your business loan can be as short as 3 days. Since newly opened small  businesses encounter a lot of time constraints with suppliers and clients, easy and immediate access to additional funding is always a plus. Furthermore, cash advance as a small business loan now comes easy with the help of the internet. You can apply for a business cash advance online and have it approved the next day. The business loan will be directly deposited into your account once it is approved.

Use your small business loan to purchase new equipment, marketing, pay debt or taxes, or pay the payroll. Banks and big lending companies are now not the only way of getting a small business loan for your immediate business needs. Fast, online cash advance is now the new means of making your business grow and compete in whatever market you are thriving on.

Of crucial use to small businesses are credit card services and small business loans. The entrepreneur needs to know how to avail of these tools and how to effectively wield them for maximum business growth.

Credit Card Services

A small business would do well to get reputable credit card services in order to prosper in the current business climate. Availing of credit card services will enable it to accept both credit card and debit card payments. This is true either for brick-and-mortar businesses or internet based online businesses. After all, most consumers nowadays routinely use credit cards or debit cards for payment purposes. It only makes good business sense to be well-equipped for the needs of credit card users and debit card users as well as for the needs of customers who pay in cash.

Merchant services provide credit card services covering a wide range of solutions for the processing of credit cards and debit cards as payment options. These credit card services include traditional terminal equipment at point of sale, where credit cards or debit cards are swiped. It also includes software and high speed IP solutions for both traditional commerce and e-commerce. Credit card and debit card payments can, therefore, be accepted in person or through the internet, by phone or by fax.     

Small Business Loans

Any business – whether a small start-up business, a medium-scaled one or a big business company – will be needing an infusion of additional capital sooner or later. Additional capital is always needed for expansion, additional inventory, additional manpower, new systems, new equipment or a new physical layout.

Capital is not always easy to come by, though. The original investors’ personal coffers may have been emptied by the earlier outlays. Prospective investors may not be keen on shelling out funds in times of crisis. Businesses, therefore, have no choice but to seek business loans.

Getting business loans is a difficult process. Even small business loans are not readily approved. Be prepared to present a lot of documentation and paperwork. For small business loans, the proprietor’s personal credit history is taken into account and related references need to be submitted. Of course, the company’s financial statements are just as important in proving the feasibility of the business and its capacity to repay its business loans. Having a detailed business plan will show your business strategies and projections, demonstrating your business acumen.

Unfortunately, even with all the requirements completed, applications for business loans – including small business loans – are, more often than not, disapproved.

Solutions

Some merchant services provide a comprehensive solution for the needs of small businesses in relation to credit card services and small business loans. The set up is elegantly simple. A small business need only avail of the company’s credit card services to be eligible for merchant cash advances. These cash advances are actually small business loans, except that there is no need to go through the complicated application process for business loans. Repayment is made very easy and worry-free, too. A certain small percentage is built into the credit card processing rates to take care of the advances. This way, repayment is actually done automatically in a very affordable manner and according to income flow.

Small business owners would, indeed, be wise to look into these timely business solutions.

However, with so many small businesses selling products and services in society, we often forget that they can potentially be a very lucrative pool of customers as well. Any company that provides products or services to small businesses can benefit greatly from having a small business list.

Fortunately, the advancement of technology has enabled almost anyone to get access to a small business list with ease. There are online portals available for organizations and individuals to communicate with these small businesses, allowing them to get up-to-date information about company details and any other updates. One can also do a quick search online to look for such publicly available small company details. However, this is a potentially long and tedious process.

A good alternative is to look for small business mailing lists offered by list brokers and compliers on the web. The small business lists provided by brokers enable immediate access to a large pool of up-to-date information about other small businesses. The best part is that these lists are continuously being updated, so you won’t have to worry too much about getting outdated information. A quick rental of such a list would save one the time of having to personally search and update records.

Next, after having a small business list, individuals and other businesses can use it to their advantage. Entrepreneurs, start-up firms and home-based workers can use the list to conduct market analysis and research for example. This way, they easily identify market needs and are able to offer their products and services to these potential clients.

Another way a small business list can be used is to send out promotional material to highly targeted business prospects. For example, if you own an air-conditioning repair service, you could send out promotional brochures advertising your services to small businesses that could very well be your clients in the future. After all, which business office doesn’t own an air-conditioner or two?

The benefits of having access to a small business list is worth it’s weight in gold. But should one compile the list themselves, or rent one instead? If one wishes to manually compile the small business list himself, he will have to ensure that they are constantly being kept up-to-date.

This is because companies often make changes in their management, causing contact persons to change, or even a change in company address. The time and monetary costs required to maintain an accurate list of small business contact information is not small.

To avoid this, it would be best to rent a small business list and spend their time on making actual sales.

Having immediate access to a complied updated business list helps individuals and organizations to save time and money. When they require small businesses for their marketing needs or require help in their businesses, they can tap on this large resource base easily and efficiently.

Marketing Concept # 1: Consistency

Consistency is the number one marketing concept for small business marketing only because it is left out of marketing concepts for so many businesses. I have worked with a long list of clients, big and small, that are extremely inconsistent in all areas of their marketing. Consistency helps lower the cost of marketing and increase the effectiveness of branding.

Marketing Concept # 2: Planning

Once small business owners decide to be consistent with their marketing, planning is the next major concept to engage. Planning is the most vital part of small business marketing or any level of marketing, for that matter, and so many owners, marketing managers, and even CMOs plan poorly. Put the time into planning your marketing strategy, budget, and other concepts presented here to ensure success.

Marketing Concept # 3: Strategy

Strategy immediately follows planning because your strategy is the foundation for the rest of your marketing activities. In the process of planning, you must develop your strategy: who you will target, how you will target them, and how will you keep them as a customer.

Marketing Concept # 4: Target Market

Target market is also another key concept for small business marketing. Defining exactly who you are targeting allows small business owners to focus on specific customers and reduce marketing waste. A well-defined target market will make every other marketing concept so much easier to implement successfully.

Marketing Concept # 5: Budget

Although it is listed at number 5, budgeting is important throughout the entire process. Creating a marketing budget is usually the hardest and most inaccurate part of small business marketing. Most small businesses owners lack a great deal of experience in marketing, so their budgets usually end up skewed. The most important part of this marketing concept is to actually establish a marketing budget. From there, you can worry about how to distribute your available funds.

Marketing Concept # 6: Marketing Mix

The marketing mix is usually defined as product, pricing, place, and promotion. As a small business owner, you must specifically decide on your products (or services), the appropriate pricing, where and how you will distribute your products, and how will you let everyone know about you and your products.

Marketing Concept # 7: Website

In today’s market, a business of any size must have a website. I hate when I see businesses that have a one page website with out-dated information. Customers, be it businesses or consumers, will search the web over 60% of the time before making any purchasing decisions. This marketing concept contains a slew of additional components, but you must at least develop a small web presence of some kind and keep it updated.

Marketing Concept # 8: Branding

Many small businesses owners also neglect this concept. Small business marketing must focus on this marketing concept just as much as large corporations do. Branding consists of the pictures, logo, design scheme, layout, make up, and image of your products and even your company. Branding is how your customers perceive (please place a lot of emphasis on that word!) your products and company. Make sure to pay special attention to what kind of brand you are building through each step of your planning and implementation.

Marketing Concept # 9: Promotion and Advertising

Promotion and advertising is a very complex marketing concept, but must be considered for any type of business and its products and services. Once you engage the previous 8 marketing concepts, you must finally let your target market know about you and your products. Proper promotion and advertising will result in effective brand recognition, and, ultimately, increased sales.

Marketing Concept # 10: Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

The concept of customer relationship management has become a huge industry in the marketing world. There are many types of software and services offered to help businesses of any size handle their customer relationship management. Since there is so much available, usually for a large sum of money, small business owners usually look at this concept as something they are not big enough for or have enough money to implement. Don’t be fooled by the massive industry that has evolved from this concept. Maintaining proper customer relationship management is essential to creating loyal and consistent customers.

This list of marketing concepts should be examined, researched, planned, and implemented, especially by small businesses, in order to be successful. Also, your marketing doesn’t stop here. Each business is unique and will have additional components that must be considered, but this list will jump-start any marketing plan.

Before starting a company the Small Business Administration, SBA, recommends that potential entrepreneurs make a list of reasons for wanting to go into business. Some of the most common reasons for starting a business are: to be your own boss; financial independence; creative freedom; and to fully use your skills and knowledge. In addition, the SBA suggests entrepreneurs answer the following questions:

(1) What type of business am I interested in starting? (2) What services or products will I sell? (3) Where will I be located? (4) What skills and experience do I bring to the business? (5) What will be my legal structure? (6) What will I name my business? (7) What equipment or supplies will I need? (8) What insurance coverage will be needed? (9) What financing will I need? (10) What are my resources? (11) What will I compensate myself?

Select A Business Structure

The success or failure of a new company can depend on a variety of factors including, the manner in which a business is formed, managed and promoted. Although there are different opinions as to the process involved with starting a company, entrepreneur advisors agree that the first step to starting your own business is selecting the business structure that is best fitted for your intent and purposes.There are various ways an entrepreneur may conduct business, including sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability and corporation. Before selecting a business structure, the potential entrepreneur should consider the following: legal restrictions; liabilities assumed; type of business operation; earnings distribution; capital needs; number of employees; tax advantages or disadvantages; and length of business operation.

The following is a list of advantages and disadvantages of different business entities:

Advantages

Sole Proprietorship (1) You are the boss. (2) Easy to form and to dissolve. (3) You retain all profits.

Partnership (1) Simple to organize but should get partnership agreement. (2) Business will benefit if partners have complementary management skills. (3) Ability to expanded capitalization increased from sole proprietorship.

Corporation (1) Limited personal liability for debts and judgments. (2) Can raise income through sale of stock therefore, maximum capitalization. (3) Lower cost per unit of doing business. (4) Can deduct the cost of benefits. (5) Can elect to be S corporation (to be taxed similar to a partnership) if you meet requirements.

Disadvantages

Sole Proprietorship (1) Very hard work. (2) Unlimited financial and legal liability. (3) Management deficiencies. (4) Limited working capital continuity of operation. (5) Potential lack of continuity of operation.

Partnership (1) Unlimited financial responsibility partners are jointly and individually liable for actions of their partners. (2) Potential conflicts of authority. (3) Potential personality conflicts.

Corporation (1) Expensive, complicated to form. (2) More legal compliance requirements from federal and state agencies. (3) Double taxation – dividend paid to shareholders aren’t deductible. (4) May be considered Impersonal by customers.

Choose A State of Formation

One of the first decisions a business must make after deciding to incorporate involves selecting the proper state of incorporation. A corporation is not required to incorporate in the state of its operations. However, often the best decision may be to incorporate in your home state. Two issues must be weighed to determine the proper state: (1) a dollars and cents analysis comparing the costs of incorporating in the state of operation versus qualifying to do business as a foreign (non-resident) corporation in the state under consideration and (2) determining the advantages and disadvantages of each state’s corporate laws and tax structure. If the corporation is a closely held corporation (not publicly traded) and does business primarily within a single state, local incorporation is often preferable. The cost of local incorporation will usually be less than incorporating in another state and qualifying to do business as a foreign corporation in the state. A foreign corporation that qualifies to do business in another state is subject to taxes, annual report fees, potential lawsuits and legal manners from both the state of incorporation and the qualifying state.

Choose Name for Corporation

Once the structure of the company is chosen the potential entrepreneur should choose a business name for the corporation. The name of the company should be chosen carefully. It is very important that entrepreneurs portray the desired image for their new corporation. Legally, the name selected must not be “deceptively similar” to any existing corporation within the incorporation state. In addition, there are state specific required corporate indicators such as Corporation, Incorporated or an abbreviation.During this process it is advised that potential entrepreneurs contact their Secretary of State, Corporations Division to learn about name availability.

Determine the Composition of Company Stock

The next step is to determine the composition of the business stock. Many different options are available in regards to the structure and composition of a corporation’s stock. Where the corporation has a fewer than 35 shareholders, a simple, inexpensive model for the structure of corporate stock may be most appropriate. A savvy business owner will recognize that authorizing a number of shares that will qualify for the minimum annual state filing fee is often a wise, money-saving choice.

Determine Tax Year

Each business taxpayer must figure their taxable income on an annual accounting period called a tax year. The first year the business files an income tax return it adopts either a calendar tax year or a fiscal tax year. The calendar year is the most common tax year. A calendar tax year is 12 consecutive months beginning January 1 and ending December 31. The other tax year is a fiscal tax year. A fiscal tax year is 12 consecutive months ending on the last day of any month except December.

Businesses must use a calendar tax year if:

(1) You keep no books. (2) You have no annual accounting period. (3) Your present tax year does not qualify as a fiscal year. (4) You are required to use a calendar year by a provision of the Internal Revenue Code or the Income Tax Regulations.

Designate Board of Directors

The designation of Board of Directors is legally required if a corporation is formed. The Board of Directors are essentially necessary for the management of the corporation. Their responsibilities include establishing all business policies and approving major contracts and undertakings. In addition, the Board may also elect the President. Ordinary business practices, however, are carried out by the Officers and employees of the corporation under the directives and supervision of the Directors.

Designate a Registered Agent

Almost all jurisdictions require that the corporation designate a registered agent for service of process. However, in most cases, anyone who has a street address (no P.O. Boxes) within the state of incorporation may act as a registered agent for the corporation. The main purpose of the registered agent requirement is to provide potential claimants against your corporation with a live person, whose whereabouts are available in public records, who may accept service of process on behalf of the corporation.

File Articles of Incorporation

Although state laws differ in their filing requirements of sole proprietorships, corporations must file “Articles of Incorporation” – the main filing document which begins the corporation’s existence. Some state laws, such as Illinois, require a sole proprietorship to file an Assumed Name form with the County Clerk.

Hold First Board of Directors Meeting

After incorporation, the first Board of Directors meeting will resolve the following matters: adopt bylaws; issue stock; adopt a corporate seal; and designate a banking institution to serve the corporation’s banking needs. Many states allow the Board of Directors to be comprised of one person.

Determine Accounting Methods

Each new business must also use a consistent accounting method, which is a set of rules for determining when to report income and expenses. The most commonly used accounting methods are the cash method and an accrual method. Under the cash method, you generally report income in the tax year you receive it and deduct expenses in the tax year you pay them. Under an accrual method, you generally report income in the tax year you earn it. Regardless of when payment is received, expenses are deducted in the tax year you incur them.

Obtain an Employer Identification Number (EIN)

To obtain an employer identification number (also known as a tax identification number) the IRS Form SS-4, available on the IRS web site at rs.gov, must be completed. The completed form can and be mailed or faxed to the IRS office indicated on the instructions to Form SS-4. There is no fee. If the EIN is needed quickly, the IRS can assign a tax identification number by calling at (866) 816-2065. The IRS requires Form SS-4 to be completed and present in order to verbally complete the process. The following questions provided by IRS will determine if your company needs to obtain a tax identification number. You will need an EIN if you answer “Yes” to any of the following questions:

(1) Do you operate your business as a corporation or a partnership? (2) Do you file any of these tax returns: Employment, Excise, or Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms? (3) Do you withhold taxes on income, other than wages, paid to a nonresident alien? (4) Do you have a Keogh plan? (5) Are you involved with any of the following types of organizations? Trusts, except certain grantor-owned revocable trusts, IRA’s, Exempt Organizations, Business Income Tax Returns, Estates, Real estate mortgage investment conduits, Non-profit organizations, Farmer’s cooperatives and Plan administrators.According to the IRS website, individuals doing business as sole proprietors will not need an EIN, unless they decide to hire employees. All income for sole proprietors without employees can be reported using the owners Social Security number.

Register Business/Obtain License

Depending on state laws your business may be required to register with the Department of Revenue or obtain a retail license to sell/service to the public. Most states have sales tax laws designed to turn retail businesses into tax collectors. Call or go to your states Department of Revenue office and request the form for business registration to obtain a retail license. A small fee will generally be required and in some states you must renew the license each year. Once your permit is mailed to you, you will be given detailed instructions on how to file the sales tax forms each month.

Get a Business License

Many states and localities require business to obtain a business licenses or permits no matter what type of entity it is. The license can usually be obtained in person by going to the city or village hall business licensing office. These offices usually charge a nominal annual fee for the annual issuance of a business license.My real estate background and experiences with various city halls have demonstrated that the licensing offices’ primary areas of concern are the type of business, hours of operation and location of business. Depending on the scope of your business, your home may require clearance from the zoning department. Although every municipality has different zoning laws, zoning is generally not a problem with small home based businesses. The zoning departments’ main focus is to ensure that new businesses remain legal and conforming to their zoning regulations; don’t improve or build additions that may encroach on easements or public utility lines; and do not disturb the neighbors.